Hydrogen sensors detect battery management system thermal runaway 

To detect thermal runaway in battery management systems, the PGS4100 hydrogen sensors measure the change in thermal conductivity of the gas mixture within the battery management system compartments, said Posifa Technologies.

The PGS4100 hydrogen sensors detect hydrogen concentration in the air using the company’s MEMS hydrogen sensor technology which is claimed to enable faster reaction times for triggering battery failure alarms in electric vehicles (EVs), ensuring compliance with safety standards. 

The PGS4100 series is designed with a relative humidity sensor and a barometric pressure sensor. This enables the sensor to counterbalance thermal conductivity changes influenced by humidity in air and elevation changes, enhancing accuracy, said the company. This level of precision enables the sensor to meet industry standards for flammable gas detection. 

The surface mount hydrogen sensor is built around Posifa’s second generation thermal conductivity die and uses a pulsed waveform. It is encased in an IP6K9 compliant enclosure and equipped with a wire harness terminated with an automotive-grade connector.

The PGS4100 series supports analogue voltage and I2C digital outputs. Future models are slated to support MODBUS/UART and CAN bus protocols. 

Key features include compensation for humidity and pressure, ensuring accurate functioning in harsh environments. In addition, the sensor remains non-reactive to “poisons” or contaminants, guaranteeing long-term stability and reliable performance, said Posifa. 

“Because of the extremely small size of the sensor element and its straightforward principle of operation, Posifa’s hydrogen sensing technology can be offered in many different form factors and adapted to a very wide range of OEM requirements,” said Peng Tu, president and CEO of Posifa Technologies. He explained that the company can integrate hydrogen sensing solutions at various levels of modular integration for integration into any type of battery pack irrespective of ventilation technology or communication protocol, said Tu.

Formerly known as Posifa Microsystems, Posifa Technologies designs and manufactures high performance, low cost sensor and sensing solutions, including gas and liquid flow sensors, air velocity sensors, and vacuum sensors and gauges. The company’s products are designed to meet the needs of demanding applications in consumer electronics, HVAC, medical devices and data centres. Posifa serves its global customer base through direct sales and a network of distributors in the United States, Europe, Korea, and Taiwan. The company is headquartered in San Jose, California, with an office in Shenzhen, China. 

https://posifatech.com/

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Low power IR sensor can replace passive IR detectors

Designed to enhance security systems, home automation equipment and IoT devices that typically use passive infrared (PIR) sensing, the STHS34PF80 is a novel human presence and motion detector, said STMicroelectronics.

The STHS34PF80 sensor contains thermal transistors that can detect stationary objects, whereas conventional PIR detectors require a detected object to be moving to produce a measurable response from the sensor. Conventional PIRs also need a Fresnel lens to sense moving objects, but the STHS34PF80 detector allows a simpler, lens-free construction.

The STHS34PF80 contains thermal MOSFETs (TMOS) that are sensitive to the heating effects of IR radiation incident on their gates, as well as digital readout circuitry integrated on the same chip using ST’s silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS technology. The SOI’s architecture facilitates micromachining with ST’s MEMS processes to thermally isolate the TMOS for accurate temperature sensing.

The TMOS is powered at a sub-threshold voltage below that needed to turn the transistor fully on. In this mode, the drain-source current is highly temperature dependent and produces an accurately measurable response to minimal IR radiation allowing the sensor to detect human presence whether the person is moving or still.

Sub-threshold operation also means that the transistor consumes very low power, allowing long periods between charging or battery replacement for battery powered sensors fitted with the STHS34PF80. 

According to Simone Ferri, general manager, AMS MEMS sub-group, STMicroelectronics, the STHS34PF80 has been creating using a combination of CMOS chip fabrication, silicon micromaching and low voltage circuit design to result in “an economical, ultra-low power sensor that lets building automation operate consistently whether detected occupants are moving or not”. 

A smart algorithm for presence and motion detection is embedded in the STHS34PF80 making it suitable for alarms and security systems, home automation, smart lighting, IoT devices, smart lockers and smart wall pads. The lens-free range of four meters and 80 degree field of view cover a large area in front of the sensor. 

Operating current is 10microA, for power consumption which is less than a conventional PIR, reported ST. The sensor is supplied in a compact 3.2 x 4.2 x 1.455mm surface mount package which is suited to automated high speed assembly. The sensor has high resistance to unwanted effects of direct lighting and high immunity to EMI, added ST.

According to ST, the standard CMOS fabrication technology ensures cost-effective sensor production with high wafer yield, while also leveraging sub-micron transistor geometry for small sensor dimensions. In comparison, PIR sensors’ sensitivity can depend on pyroelectric-pixel size. The STHS34PF80’s integrated digital interface allows direct connection to the host without analogue front end circuitry.

An evaluation board, the STEVAL-MKI231KA is available for the STHS34PF80. Developers can plug into the X-NUCLEO-IKS01A3 or the STEVAL-MKI109V3 and use ST’s Unico-GUI to configure the IR sensor and take measurements within a simplified workflow. Drivers for the STHS34PF80 are available on GitHub. There is also a library for compensating and detecting presence of people or objects in the X-CUBE-MEMS1 software package.  

The STHS34PF80 is in production now and available in a 10-lead land-grid array (LGA) package.

http://www.st.com  

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IMU is equipped with six DoF sensor to measure slow and fast motion

IMUs (inertial measurement units) from Epson now include the M-G370G, which has been added to the company’s portfolio. 

It allows users to select an accelerometer output range of either ±8G or ±16G and offers 0.05 per cent non-linearity of the full scale range of the gyroscopic sensor. In this way, the M-G370G IMU measure all types of motion, from slow to fast, said Epson.

The IMU is compact, with dimensions of 24 x 24 x 10mm3 and is backwards compatible with the M-G330 and M-G366, M-G370 and M-G370S IMUs which will sharply reduce development costs and evaluation time, noted Epson. 

It has a low current consumption of 16mA, making it suitable for vibration damping for cameras and antennas, unmanned vehicles (industrial drones, terrestrial vehicles, sea probes), vibration, angle, trajectory measurement of industrial equipment and for navigation systems (GNSS, INS4, high-precision locators).

Epson will exhibit the M-G370G at Maintenance and Resilience Tokyo 2023 26 to 28 July, at Tokyo Big Sight.

First launched in 2011, Epson’s IMUs have been used in an array of customer applications, from precision agriculture (GNSS2) and industrial drones to camera and antenna platform vibration control and stabilization, earning an excellent reputation for outstanding performance and quality. Epson has a full range of IMUs, from basic models to high-spec models. All are based on a platform that measures about one inch along the sides, the standard form factor for IMUs.

The M-G370G will enter volume production this month.

Epson Europe Electronics is the European headquarters for electronic devices of Seiko Epson, Japan. It is located in Munich, Germany and has several European sales representatives and a European-wide network of distributors. 

Epson Europe Electronics provides value added services for timing devices, semiconductors, sensors and sensing systems targeted to various markets like industrial, automotive, medical and communication. 

Epson’s goal is to become carbon negative and eliminate use of exhaustible underground resources such as oil and metal by 2050.

http://www.global.epson.com

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Small and versatile geo-location tracker has temperature sensor

Netherlands based SkyNet IoT claims that the LoRaWAN NanoTag is the smallest, most affordable, and most versatile Geo-location tracker and temperature sensor with international LoRaWAN coverage.

Suitable for remote temperature monitoring, the LoRaWAN NanoTag provides geo-tracking and temperature monitoring in a miniature format of just 98 x 130 x 1.5mm.

The NanoTag sticker is a compact, thin, cost-effective temperature sensor with a resolution of 0.1 degrees C. Described as the smallest, most affordable, and most versatile geo-location tracker and temperature sensor in the world, the NanoTag can be used for temperature conditioned transport and logistics as well as for monitoring temperatures in heating and cooling installations.

It has adjustable measurement intervals to provide users with full control. The measurement intervals can be adjusted remotely, allowing users to receive the necessary data exactly when needed. With a measurement interval of, for example, 15 minutes, the NanoTag has a lifespan of several years. This makes it suitable for long term tracking and/or temperature monitoring projects.

The NanoTags are connected to the SkyNet IoT LoRaWAN network as standard. This network provides maximum international coverage and offers secondary network roaming across various connected networks. This is something individual LoRaWAN providers do not offer, said SkyNet IoT. With more than a million connected LoRaWAN gateways from various network providers worldwide, SkyNet IoT claims to offer the maximum coverage and redundancy in LoRaWAN connectivity on the market.

LoRaWAN is the fast-growing IoT standard for sensor connectivity, characterised by its long-distance communication performance with low energy consumption and deep indoor range. Unlike individual LoRaWAN providers, the SkyNet IoT network offers roaming across various connected networks, providing maximum international connectivity. 

Although the SkyNet IoT network offers maximum coverage, there may be areas where the (indoor) coverage is absent or limited or where accurate Geo-Location is desirable, said the company. In such cases, the SkyNet IoT network can be expanded to unlock a (larger) (indoor) area and/or to achieve accurate Geo-Location. Although SkyNet IoT offers maximum international coverage, the NanoTags are bound to the frequency bands of specific continents, said the company. For this reason, SkyLab can provide a multi-band solution if required.

The LoRaWAN NanoTag is a versatile tool for refrigerated transport, where temperature and location monitoring are crucial when transporting medicines, organs, chemicals, or fresh products like vegetables and fruit.

SkyLab B.V. offers the NanoTag in a complete package with a customer IoT Dashboard and the SkyNet IoT network, for a one-time fee of $60 each (the price is lower for large quantities). This all-in package contains no hidden costs and is valid for the full lifespan of the NanoTag. Demo NanoTags are available for evaluation.

https://www.skylab.nl/  

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